setup-cpp/README.md

# setup-cpp

Install all the tools required for building and testing C++/C projects.

![Build Status (Github Actions)](https://github.com/aminya/setup-cpp/workflows/CI/badge.svg)

Setting up a **cross-platform** environment for building and testing C++/C projects is a bit tricky. Each platform has its own compilers, and each of them requires a different installation procedure. This package aims to fix this issue.

`setup-cpp` can be used locally from terminal, from CI services like GitHub Actions and GitLab Pipelines, and inside containers like Docker.

`setup-cpp` is supported on many platforms. It is continuously tested on several configurations including Windows (11, 10, 2022, 2019), Linux (Ubuntu 22.04, Ubuntu 20.04, Fedora, ArchLinux), and macOS (12, 11, 10.15). `setup-cpp` is backed by unit tests for each tool and integration tests for compiling cpp projects.

# Features

`setup-cpp` is **modular** and you can choose to install any of these tools:

| category              | tools                                                        |
| --------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
| compiler and analyzer | llvm, gcc, msvc, vcvarsall, cppcheck, clangtidy, clangformat |
| build system          | cmake, ninja, meson, make, task                              |
| package manager       | vcpkg, conan, choco, brew                                    |
| cache                 | cppcache                                                     |
| documentation         | doxygen, graphviz                                            |
| coverage              | gcovr, opencppcoverage, kcov                                 |
| other                 | python, sevenzip                                             |

`setup-cpp` automatically installs the dependencies above tools if needed for the selected tool (e.g., `python` is required for `conan`).

# Usage

## From Terminal

You should download the executable file or the js file (if Nodejs installed), and run it with the available options.

Tip: You can automate downloading using `wget`, `curl`, or other similar tools.

### Executable

Download the executable for your platform from [here](https://github.com/aminya/setup-cpp/releases/tag/v0.18.0), and run it with the available options.

An example that installs llvm, cmake, ninja, ccache, and vcpkg:

```ps1
# windows example (open shell as admin)
curl.exe -LJO "https://github.com/aminya/setup-cpp/releases/download/v0.18.0/setup_cpp_windows.exe"
.\setup_cpp_windows --compiler llvm --cmake true --ninja true --ccache true --vcpkg true

RefreshEnv.cmd # activate cpp environment variables
```

```ps1
# linux example
wget "https://github.com/aminya/setup-cpp/releases/download/v0.18.0/setup_cpp_linux"
chmod +x setup_cpp_linux
sudo ./setup_cpp_linux --compiler llvm --cmake true --ninja true --ccache true --vcpkg true

source ~/.cpprc # activate cpp environment variables
```

```ps1
# mac example
wget "https://github.com/aminya/setup-cpp/releases/download/v0.18.0/setup_cpp_mac"
chmod +x setup_cpp_mac
sudo ./setup_cpp_mac --compiler llvm --cmake true --ninja true --ccache true --vcpkg true

source ~/.cpprc # activate cpp environment variables
```

NOTE: In the `compiler` entry, you can specify the version after `-` like `llvm-11.0.0`. For the tools, you can pass a specific version instead of `true` that chooses the default version

NOTE: On Unix systems, when `setup-cpp` is used locally or in other CI services like GitLab, the environment variables are added to `~/.cpprc`. You should run `source ~/.cpprc` to immediately activate the environment variables. This file is automatically sourced in the next shell restart from `~/.bashrc` or `~/.profile` if `SOURCE_CPPRC` is not set to `0`. To deactivate `.cpprc` in the next shell restart, rename/remove `~/.cpprc`.

NOTE: On Unix systems, you will not need `sudo` if you are already a root user (e.g., in a GitLab runner or Docker).

### With Nodejs

Download the `setup_cpp.js` file form [here](https://github.com/aminya/setup-cpp/releases/download/v0.18.0/setup_cpp.js), and run it with the available options.

On Windows:

Open the shell as admin, download via `curl`, then install

```ps1
# open shell as admin
curl.exe -LJO "https://github.com/aminya/setup-cpp/releases/download/v0.18.0/setup_cpp.js"
node ./setup_cpp.js --compiler llvm --cmake true --ninja true --ccache true --vcpkg true

RefreshEnv.cmd # activate cpp environment variables
```

On Linux or Mac:

```ps1
wget "https://github.com/aminya/setup-cpp/releases/download/v0.18.0/setup_cpp.js"
sudo node ./setup_cpp.js --compiler llvm --cmake true --ninja true --ccache true --vcpkg true

source ~/.cpprc # activate cpp environment variables
```

## Inside GitHub Actions

Here is a complete cross-platform example that tests llvm, gcc, and msvc. It also uses cmake, ninja, vcpkg, and cppcheck.

`.github/workflows/ci.yml`:

```yaml
name: ci
on:
  pull_request:
  push:
    branches:
      - main
      - master

jobs:
  Test:
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
        os:
          - windows-2022
          - ubuntu-20.04
          - macos-11
        compiler:
          - llvm
          - gcc
          # you can specify the version after `-` like `llvm-13.0.0`.
        include:
          - os: "windows-2022"
            compiler: "msvc"
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
      - name: Cache
        uses: actions/cache@v2
        with:
          path: |
            ~/vcpkg
            ./build/vcpkg_installed
            ${{ env.HOME }}/.cache/vcpkg/archives
            ${{ env.XDG_CACHE_HOME }}/vcpkg/archives
            ${{ env.LOCALAPPDATA }}\vcpkg\archives
            ${{ env.APPDATA }}\vcpkg\archives
          key: ${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.compiler }}-${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}-${{ hashFiles('**/CMakeLists.txt') }}-${{ hashFiles('./vcpkg.json')}}
          restore-keys: |
            ${{ runner.os }}-${{ env.BUILD_TYPE }}-

      - name: Setup Cpp
        uses: aminya/setup-cpp@v1
        with:
          compiler: ${{ matrix.compiler }}
          vcvarsall: ${{ contains(matrix.os, 'windows') }}
          cmake: true
          ninja: true
          vcpkg: true
          cppcheck: true
          clangtidy: true # instead of `true`, which chooses the default version, you can pass a specific version.
          # ...
```

## Inside Docker

Here is an example for using setup_cpp to make a builder image that has the Cpp tools you need.

```dockerfile
#### Base Image
FROM ubuntu:22.04 AS base

# add setup_cpp
WORKDIR "/"
RUN apt-get update -qq
RUN apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends wget
RUN wget --no-verbose "https://github.com/aminya/setup-cpp/releases/download/v0.18.0/setup_cpp_linux"
RUN chmod +x ./setup_cpp_linux

# install llvm, cmake, ninja, and ccache
RUN ./setup_cpp_linux --compiler llvm --cmake true --ninja true --ccache true --vcpkg true --make true

CMD source ~/.cpprc
ENTRYPOINT [ "/bin/bash" ]

#### Building
FROM base AS builder
ADD ./dev/cpp_vcpkg_project /home/app
WORKDIR /home/app
RUN bash -c 'source ~/.cpprc \
    && make build'

### Running environment
# use a distroless image or ubuntu:22.04 if you wish
FROM gcr.io/distroless/cc
# copy the built binaries and their runtime dependencies
COPY --from=builder /home/app/build/my_exe/Release/ /home/app/
WORKDIR /home/app/
ENTRYPOINT ["./my_exe"]
```

See [this folder](https://github.com/aminya/setup-cpp/tree/master/dev/docker), for some dockerfile examples.

If you want to build the ones included, then run:

```ps1
git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/aminya/setup-cpp
cd ./setup-cpp
docker build -f ./dev/docker/ubuntu.dockerfile -t setup_cpp .
```

Where you should use the path to the dockerfile after `-f`.

After build, run the following to start an interactive shell in your container

```ps1
docker run -it setup_cpp
```

## Inside Docker inside GitHub Actions

You can use the docker file discussed in the previous section inside GitHub Actions like the following:

```yaml
jobs:
  Docker:
    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
    strategy:
      matrix:
        os:
          - ubuntu-20.04
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v2
      - name: Build
        id: docker_build
        run: |
          docker build -f ./dev/docker/debian.dockerfile -t setup_cpp .
        env:
          ACTIONS_ALLOW_UNSECURE_COMMANDS: true
```

## Inside GitLab pipelines

The following gives an example for setting up a C++ environment inside GitLab pipelines.

.gitlab-ci.yaml

```yaml
image: ubuntu:22.04

stages:
  - test

.setup_linux: &setup_linux |
  DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive

  # set time-zone
  TZ=Canada/Pacific
  ln -snf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$TZ /etc/localtime && echo $TZ > /etc/timezone

  # for downloading
  apt-get update -qq
  apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends curl gnupg ca-certificates

  # keys used by apt
  apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 3B4FE6ACC0B21F32
  apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 40976EAF437D05B5
  apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 1E9377A2BA9EF27F

.setup_cpp: &setup_cpp |
  curl -LJO "https://github.com/aminya/setup-cpp/releases/download/v0.18.0/setup_cpp_linux"
  chmod +x setup_cpp_linux
  ./setup_cpp_linux --compiler $compiler --cmake true --ninja true --ccache true --vcpkg true
  source ~/.cpprc

.test: &test |
  # Build and Test
  # ...

test_linux_llvm:
  stage: test
  variables:
    compiler: llvm
  script:
    - *setup_linux
    - *setup_cpp
    - *test

test_linux_gcc:
  stage: test
  variables:
    compiler: gcc
  script:
    - *setup_linux
    - *setup_cpp
    - *test
```

# Articles

[Setup-Cpp on Dev.to](https://dev.to/aminya/setup-cpp-3ia4)

# Usage Examples

- [cpp_vcpkg_project project](https://github.com/aminya/cpp_vcpkg_project)
- [ftxui](https://github.com/ArthurSonzogni/FTXUI)
- [project_optins](https://github.com/aminya/project_options)
- [cpp-best-practices starter project](https://github.com/cpp-best-practices/cpp_starter_project)
- [json2cpp](https://github.com/lefticus/json2cpp)
- [lefticus/tools](https://github.com/lefticus/tools)
- [libclang](https://github.com/atilaneves/libclang)
- [dpp](https://github.com/atilaneves/dpp)
- [d-tree-sitter](https://github.com/aminya/d-tree-sitter)

See all of the usage examples on GitHub [here](https://github.com/search?q=aminya%2Fsetup-cpp+path%3A.github%2Fworkflows%2F+language%3AYAML+fork%3Atrue&type=code).